---
title: "大型语言模型可在事件发酵时降低阴谋论信念"
source: "arXiv AI/CL/LG（论文）"
source_tier: "t2"
url: "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.06151v1"
permalink: "https://feed.astralor.com/items/itm_6b9bf72d175cfb3e391a2b3e"
published: "2026-08-06T15:18:50.000Z"
score: 79
channel: "ai"
tags: ["arXiv","大型语言模型","心理干预","社会实验","错误信息","阴谋论"]
---

# 大型语言模型可在事件发酵时降低阴谋论信念

## AI 点评

> 这可能是我们第一次看到AI在“事件发生后黄金窗口”里直接介入并改变人们信念的硬证据。对那些关心公共信息传播、平台治理和心理健康的人来说，这篇论文值得立刻研读——它把一个原本听起来像科幻的干预场景变成了可复制的实验范式。当然，样本还是美国、事件还是政治暴力，能不能迁移到其他文化和非政治阴谋，得等后续研究。

## 速览

本研究测试了大型语言模型（LLM）在重大事件发生后立即与用户进行多轮对话，是否能降低其对新兴阴谋论的信念。实验在2024年7月特朗普遇刺未遂和2025年9月查理·柯克遇刺事件后数天内进行，招募了共1507名美国成年人参与。结果显示，与LLM进行针对性对话的参与者，其阴谋论信念显著低于对照组（闲聊或阅读静态事实清单）。后续追踪发现，这种效果在1-2个月后仍能泛化到其他阴谋论。研究表明，LLM驱动的认知干预有望成为可规模化的反 misinformation 工具。

## 关键点

- 在两项实验中，与LLM进行针对性对话的参与者对特定事件的阴谋论信念显著下降，效果优于对照组。
- LLM干预的下游效应在1-2个月后仍可观察到，能降低对其他阴谋论的信念。
- 研究强调了可规模化、以认知为重点的干预在重大事件后即时对抗错误信息的潜力。

## 全文

The emergence of conspiracy theories in the wake of major events is a significant societal challenge. Here we test whether conversational dialogues with a large language model (LLM) can reduce belief in immediately unfolding conspiracies. In experiments conducted in the days following the July 2024 assassination attempt on Donald Trump and the September 2025 assassination of Charlie Kirk, U.S. adults (Experiment 1: N = 472; Experiment 2: N = 1035) holding conspiratorial views about the crisis event engaged in a multi-turn conversation with an LLM prompted to reduce their conspiracy belief. Compared to control participants who either discussed an irrelevant topic with an LLM or viewed a static fact sheet, participants in the LLM treatment showed significantly reduced conspiracy beliefs in both experiments. We also found evidence of downstream effects of the LLM treatment, observing reduced belief in different conspiracies one to two months later in the wake of subsequent crisis events. These results shed light on the psychology of emerging conspiracies and highlight the potential for scalable, cognitively-focused interventions to counteract misinformation in the immediate aftermath of high-profile societal events.

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引用前请核对原文;本文由星际流动整理:https://feed.astralor.com/items/itm_6b9bf72d175cfb3e391a2b3e