---
title: "The Cryptography Transition in the AI Era: Anthropic's Impact on Post-Quantum Cryptanalysis"
source: "Simon Willison 博客（Atom）"
source_tier: "t2"
url: "https://simonwillison.net/2026/Jul/29/matthew-green/#atom-everything"
permalink: "https://feed.astralor.com/items/itm_cb633e0eeb2dca82611ee907"
published: "2026-07-29T18:18:15.000Z"
score: 73
channel: "ai"
tags: ["AI Security","Anthropic","Claude","Post-Quantum Cryptography","Cryptanalysis"]
---

# The Cryptography Transition in the AI Era: Anthropic's Impact on Post-Quantum Cryptanalysis

## AI commentary

> This quote from Matthew Green perfectly highlights AI's dual role in the cryptography transition—both as a validator and a potential disruptor. For security experts focusing on post-quantum standardization and AI safety researchers, this is a signal not to ignore: AI may accelerate our understanding of the limits of cryptographic algorithms.

## At a glance

Matthew Green highlights that we are in a historic transition from traditional public-key algorithms (EC-based and RSA) to post-quantum algorithms, and AI's progress in cryptanalysis arrives at a perfect time. He comments on Anthropic's recent cryptography work, suggesting AI could accelerate the validation of new algorithms or cause unexpected breakthroughs. This article analyzes his perspective and discusses AI's potential dual impact on cryptographic security: it could both strengthen confidence in hard problems and undermine existing security assumptions.

## Key points

- Public-key cryptography is transitioning from EC/RSA to post-quantum algorithms, with schemes like HAWK being standardized.
- AI (particularly Claude) improvements in cryptanalysis could validate new algorithms or uncover vulnerabilities.
- Matthew Green sees this as the perfect time for a massive new public cryptanalysis capability to come online.
- In the best case, AI will strengthen confidence in hard problems and make the cryptanalysis literature more robust.

## Full text

Right now we’re in the midst of a historic transition from traditional public-key algorithms based on EC-based cryptography and RSA, moving over to new post-quantum algorithms based on novel problems. This is why there are so many standards like HAWK being considered. If there was ever a perfect time for a massive new public cryptanalysis capability to come on line, we’re in it. So unless AIs succeed in undermining all of our hard problems altogether (or we live in Impagliazzo’s Minicrypt) then this could not be a better time for AI to get good at cryptanalysis. In the best case, the result is that we gain real confidence in the problems we’ve identified, and the cryptanalysis literature gets a lot more robust. Hopefully. — Matthew Green, on Anthropic's recent cryptography work Tags: anthropic, claude, generative-ai, cryptography, ai, llms, ai-security-research, claude-mythos-fable

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